Maarten de Vos (1532-1603) was a prodigious Flemish draftsman whose alluring Mannerist designs were engraved by the hundreds in Northern Europe. Once engraved, these drawings traveled throughout the Spanish empire, serving as models for very many works of art. So many, in fact, that his impact on Spanish Colonial art is considered to be second only to that of Rubens. At the end of the 16th century Maarten de Vos produced more than a hundred drawings of anchorites--men and women who chose to withdraw from society in order to lead a life focused on prayer, penance, and religious study (see Gallery 8: The Blessed Anchorites of Cuzco). These drawings must have been immensely popular in their day, as they were quickly engraved in Antwerp and in Venice by three of the leading engravers of the time—Johan Sadeler I, Raphael Sadeler I, and Adriaen Collaert. These engravings were then engraved again, this time in reverse, and published in Paris by Thomas de Leu, Jean Leclerc IV, and Jacques Honervogt early in the 17th century. They were also published in Paris chez Daumont, rue Saint Martin. And in Venice by Giovanni Merlo, an engraver and publisher about whom little else is known.