The American coot (Fulica americana) is a medium-sized waterbird found across much of North America, easily recognized by its slate-gray to blackish body, white bill, and distinctive dark red frontal shield on its forehead. Despite often being mistaken for a duck, it actually belongs to the rail family (Rallidae) rather than the waterfowl family, and one of its most distinctive features is its lobed toes rather than webbed feet, which help it paddle through water and walk on muddy or vegetated shorelines. Coots are highly social and often gather in large flocks called rafts on lakes, ponds, marshes, and slow-moving rivers, where they feed primarily on aquatic plants but also consume insects, small fish, and other invertebrates. They are known for their aggressive territorial behavior during breeding season, loud, croaking calls, and awkward, chicken-like running takeoff across the water's surface when startled or preparing to fly. Widespread and adaptable, the American coot thrives in a variety of wetland habitats and is one of the most commonly observed waterbirds in the United States and Canada.