Max Ernst (1891-1976) was a pioneering German artist, known for his contributions to the Dada and Surrealist movements. Born in Brühl, Ernst studied philosophy before turning to art. His innovative techniques included frottage, grattage, and collage, which challenged traditional artistic boundaries. Ernst's works often featured fantastical imagery and dreamlike landscapes, reflecting his interest in the subconscious. He fled to the United States during World War II, where he continued to create influential art. Ernst's legacy endures through his extensive body of work, which has left a lasting impact on the modern art world.