Historically, the primary use of these mats was to cover dome-shaped homes (wikiups) and tipis, especially on the Plains and Plateau, using reeds that swelled to block rain and snow and insulate against the cold. Beyond shelter, mats served as bedding, eating surfaces, canoe covers, storage, and even burial wrappings. Both tule (bulrush) and cattail were used to make these Central Yakama structures.