From the artist's manifesto, he explains Functiocollage - "I use old objects, at one time mass-produced, that generally have no material value. Often, knowledge of the purpose of the objects has been lost...Through the combining of various objects in a single composition positioned at various angles within the subject that has been determined, I hope that my work will help the viewer approach one aspect of the eternal secret of Time and the Essence of things"

"Cross of Hope" intersects two black watch bands connected by a circle and placed on a green rectangle while denoting clear compositional references to Suprematism. Peaking out of the corner of the composition on a background of photo album paper, is a blank document from the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD) of the USSR. The terror and unknown forces of the Secret Police kept the dreams of the population at the Crossroads of Hope.